What is CNC?

CNC is the New Name of Technology in Production!

What is CNC? CNC is the abbreviation of the initials of the English phrase Computer Numeric Control. CNC, a type of lathe designed to facilitate and serialise work requiring manpower, is called "Computer Aided Numerical Control". Its purpose is to control machine tools with numerical commands and with the help of a computer. CNC lathes, thanks to the NC programmes used with computer control, produce workpieces serially in a short time with the specified size, feed and speed.

CNC is frequently used in the machinery, agriculture and automotive sectors. CNC machines are ideal for serial, error-free production in manufacturing. With the computerised control unit, technical and offset information can be stored permanently in the memory of CNC machines. The programme can be intervened at every stage of production and desired changes can be made. What is CNC, what does CNC do and how to use it, we will give the answers to your questions in the continuation of our article ...

CNC Machine Tool Types and CNC Features

A CNC machine is a machine created by adding computer support to a Numerical Control (NC) system. Among the common machine tools that can work with CNC:

• Lathe machine (lathe machine)
• Milling machine (Miling Machine)
• Drill machine (Drilling Machine)
• Hole Enlargement Machine (Boring Machine)
• There is a grinding machine (Grinding Machine).

The physical design and construction of CNC machine tools are the same as NC machine tools. However, a number of functional features that are not possible and economical in NC machine tools have been added to CNC machines. CNC machine features are as follows;

• CNC machine programmes can be stored in memory and used repeatedly.
• Even if the power of the CNC machine is cut off, programme etc. data is not lost.
• Changes can be made in cnc machine programmes at any time.
• In addition to the main programme, sub-programmes can be added. Thus, during the execution of the main programme, these sub-programmes are called where necessary and the process is completed.
• With the cutter compensation feature, certain dimensional adjustments can be made by the machine during programme operation.
• When the cutter breaks, the programme can be continued with a different diameter cutter.
• The obtained surface quality and precision are incomparably better than conventional machines.
• It has the advantage of being able to communicate with many computers and systems.
• Before manufacturing, the part can be previewed graphically with the help of the visual display unit.
• Cutting tools can be changed automatically with the help of CNC.

CNC Usage Areas

Before answering your questions about what CNC does and how CNC works, let's talk about CNC usage areas. The system, which was first used in three-axis milling machine, was later applied to machine tools such as lathe, grinding, etc. Today, CNC is used in almost every field of manufacturing. CNC machine used areas;

• Aviation
• Defence
• Automotive
• Consumer goods
• Furniture
• Spare parts

CNC machine is also used in machining and welding. It is an excellent technology that meets the needs of every manufacturing sector. In the advertising sector, CNC machine can be used in model mould production, mockup production, production of spaces designed for theme parks.

How to Use CNC?

If we answer the question of how CNC works, it is necessary to use CNC simulation or manufacturing programmes to activate the tools on the machine or to process a part. With G codes, which are the common language of CNC machines, it is transmitted from the control unit to the servo axes which movement will be made at which speed and in which order. These operations, which are saved as NC files, are transferred to the CNC machine with the help of a flash memory.

Final controls are made on the screen in the CNC machine system and after the approval is given, the operations are carried out by the machine. Manufacturing time varies according to the programme detail.

CNC Machine Advantages

Now that we have answered your question about how to use CNC, let's give information about CNC machine advantages, which is another curious subject. The information on our page may be useful for companies that are undecided about investing.

• CNC machine adjustment time is shorter than other machines.
• Minimises adjustment, measurement and control times.
• CNC machines eliminate the human factor. Therefore, it provides serial and precise production.
• Thanks to CNC, machine operations are performed with high precision.
• The working speed is always the same on CNC machines.
• Electricity and material costs are low.
• The system is cheaper since moulds, gauges, templates etc. are not used.
• There is no storage space problem.
• The changes to be made can be realised at the desired point and without wasting time.

Production is more flexible and comfortable when using CNC machine. Time and cost balance is provided.

Faster Production with CNC Machines!

The use of CNC machines has become a groundbreaking technology in the manufacturing sector in recent years. CNC machines, which enable to obtain production moulds smoothly, are important in terms of minimising operator errors and ensuring fast and error-free production.

Customer expectations can be met with CNC machines used in every field from aviation to the advertising sector. Those who want to use CNC machines better and improve their drawing can learn to use programs such as AutoCad, CadCam, SolidWorks, 2DW, CNC3D, Fanuc etc.

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